The acquisition of Yahoo (Nasdaq: YHOO) by Microsoft (Nasdaq: MSFT) has been something that’s frankly made sense for years. Microsoft has a lot of strengths, but it just hasn’t been able to crack the nut of content creation (does it even own a property that has any meaningful content prior to this acquisition?), particularly the semi-mythic user-generated content, and its attempts at competing with Google (Nasdaq: GOOG) in the advertising space have also proven disappointing.
But still, $44.6 billion is an extraordinarily large amount of money, even if it’s mostly Microsoft stock. It leads to the question: what does Microsoft actually get for its investment?
A quick visit to the Yahoo press room shows that first off, Yahoo has a pile of free software you can download:
- Yahoo! Widgets — a wanna-be clone of both Apple’s popular Dashboard application and Google Widgets
- Yahoo Messenger — perhaps one of the real winners, it too is one of many IM clients out there, including a more popular service from Microsoft called MSN Messenger
- Toolbox for Firefox / Mozilla Firefox Yahoo Edition — does anyone really care? These kind of things are $500 outsourced to India last I checked
- Yahoo! Go for Mobile — this is an interesting one as it’s clear that mobile Web is the next wave in online interfaces. From the Wall Street Journal to Twitter to my own Ask Dave Taylor, lots of companies are jumping onto the mobile bandwagon
- Yahoo Autosync — a cool feature that lets you sync your addressbook and calendar between Outlook and Yahoo, which would be more useful if Yahoo Mail wasn’t a haven of spammers.
- Yahoo Games / Yahoo Kids Games — popular, but, again, easily acquired through different avenues
Really, not much there on the product side that’s worth acquiring.
Perhaps the hidden value is within Yahoo Research, but last I checked, Microsoft’s own research labs had many of the best and brightest researchers in the world: even the coolest projects at Yahoo Ressearch don’t seem very exciting. Their key projects are things like Zookeeper, a distributed computing effort, Bracketology, a fantasy stock market (this is research?), PNUTS, a net-based database system. Research papers published by the group show their Yahoo-directed focus too, with highlights including “Challenges in Searching Online Communities”, “Optimal Deliver of Sponsored Search Advertisements Subject to Budget Constraints”, “Just-in-Time Contextual Advertising”, and “Semantic Associations for Contextual Advertising”.
Yahoo Next has some interesting projects percolating, however, including Blog Remix for audio remixes, Kickstart (a sort of Facebook/LinkedIn hybrid), TagMaps, a geotagged interface to Flickr, Map Mixer which lets you create your own map overlays (a darn powerful concept: this is the basis of some terrific startups like AWhere) and Pipes, an interesting multi-site mashup toolkit.
Let’s step back a bit further and look at what properties Yahoo also owns, because so far I haven’t listed anything that’d be worth even $50 mil, let alone $44 billion.
Yahoo has acquired Right Media, Flickr, Rivals.com, MyBlogLog, AdInterax, Jumpcut, Gmarket (well, a stake in Gmarket, not the entire company), Pixoria, Kelkoo and various others that didn’t make it onto the radar screen. Of those Flickr is the home run. Maybe MyBlogLog was a valuable acquisition, but it’s very small potatoes and there are definitely plenty of competitors in the “help bloggers network” marketplace. Most of the others reflect Yahoo’s continued inability to master the online advertising space and compete effectively with the Google AdWords / AdSense juggernaut.
Let’s turn our attention to the core Yahoo properties instead. Growing from the original sumo wrestling bookmarks list, the true core of Yahoo’s business remains Yahoo Search, but they’ve had a heck of a hard time remaining relevant, and it’s Microsoft’s search team that’s been more aggressively innovating in this area. There’s Yahoo Mail, which is undeniably popular, but Microsoft already has the even more popular Hotmail service. (Both, of course, are absolutely riddled with spam and spammers, so most cogniscenti have left them for Google’s Gmail service).
Going back into the retro 90’s Web, Yahoo still has Geocities, which I expect might remain popular with a certain segment of the online population, but given that Yahoo 360 failed to dislodge MySpace (Facebook, LinkedIn, Beebo, etc etc ad nauseum) it’s hard to imagine why Yahoo even keeps Geocities around.
So what’s left? The only major property that I haven’t mentioned, one that really is a cornerstone of Yahoo’s business, is Yahoo Shopping and its mirror, Yahoo Shops (aka “Yahoo Small Business”). Now that’s something with some tangible value: Yahoo Shops have an excellent reputation in the industry and there are thousands of merchants selling a wide variety of goods through this program. More importantly, it generates ongoing revenue for Yahoo.
But still, $44.6 billion is a hard number to wrap your brain around. If we project it as being based even loosely on two years of revenue, we’re talking about $1.85 billion/month. Meanwhile, Yahoo announced Q42007 earnings of $1.403 billion with a reasonable upwards trend:
Even then, do the math and we’re talking about Microsoft paying an extraordinary multiple of earnings. Extrapolate based on Q4 earnings along and we’re talking about a gross revenue of $5.6 billion/year. That means Microsoft’s paying 7.9 years earnings. On a company that’s really been strugging to find its way and remain relevant in the Google Era.
This all just makes me say Hmmm….
My opinion: Yahoo is a good acquisition for Microsoft and a reasonable fit with its many properties, but it’s ridiculously overpriced, and would be an overpriced transaction at $20 billion. Even that would be a premium over the current Yahoo share price.
It’s hard to interpret this as other than a last-ditch defensive ploy by these companies to be able to compete effectively against Google, but here’s the core problem with that strategy: neither company has a Google killer either in its current offerings or known future offerings. Tip for Steve Ballmer: Companies don’t win because competitors offer alternatives that are “almost as good”.
Next up, the most challenging facet of any acquisition: merging corporate offerings and company cultures. Most acquisitions fail at this point, will these two behemoths be any different?
Further reading and analysis: Microsoft’s press release about the acquisition offer, Seeking Alpha’s analysis and interesting commentary from Paul Kedrosky, Duncan Riley, Doug Caverly, Andy Beal, and Danny Sullivan.
Great analysis, I’d put more emphasis in the popular Yahoo Mail application which has a tremendous amount of relationship data in there. With the recent announcement of this being a platform for social features, this should really be played up as a big selling point.
great post Dave. I think several of the Yahoo products you mentioned can be better monetized. A of people a lot smarter people than me have been saying that for quite a while now.
Maybe just maybe Microsoft and Yahoo together can get the most out of their numerous under performing business units.
Either way this move will get Google’s attention and that is good for all of us.
Great post. Dave.
However, you seemed to have overlooked Yahoo Finance. A Business Week report suggested that this was the highest visited Finance website on the web, as far as I remember the figure was ~60%. What do you think about that?
You missed the Asian investments that comprise half of Yahoo stock value.
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601170&refer=home&sid=ajQT8oZ96Yas
I was very surprised to read about MS’s hostile takeover bid of Yahoo this week. Much of the surprise was in agreement to your analysis of what MS gains. But I do agree that Yahoo’s small business department is something that MS lacks and would benefit from. Also, I would be interested in seeing how the holdings/investments that the previous comment posters wrote plays into the whole mix. I recently started a Yahoo online business, and am generally pleased with my experience (I’m a novice) as Yahoo has made it pretty simple to set up and maintain a shop. But still…$44 billion? Maybe they’ll pull a Gordon Gekko and try to break up the company?
Yahoo Finance is a solid source of financial information, but how do they monetize that? That is, how does that help the bottom line for the company? Do they charge corporations and become the extended investor relations branch of thousands of public and privately held companies? They have ads on the finance pages, but it’s a very small % of the overall screen real estate and I’d be surprised if it’s any sort of meaningful contributor to the bottom line.
Great Post – Interesting and thorough analysis of the assets that Microsoft will acquire. If you think about the power that Microsoft has with desktop dominance and their vision of home integration with the web, the synergies are endless.
The key will be a smooth integration that doesn’t isolate the users in the process. Flickr users are already up in arms…..
Your analysis seem to only skim Yahoo’s research capabilities but should also look closely at their SEC filings. However, what Intellectual Property(IP) is Microsoft(MS) going to gain by buying Yahoo!. How is MS going to use it to insure their current or increase the merged companies economic position in the global market.
I took a brief look at USPTO.gov and did a search for assignee “yahoo” and it listed appx 100 patents. I skimmed though a few of them, some of the patents there could easily be found some prior art as a similar “inventions?” have been used and published using other web/application languages. Therefore, probably some patents could be invalidated , though some are most likely valid. I would think, as part of due diligence both companies have looked at what is gained/lost from the IP assets. So why buy/sell the IP if some patents could be invalid? …
The domain name itself– yahoo.com could be worth millions or billions since so many people recognize that.
Yes I agree to the comments. You have to credit Yahoo Finance and Flickr. Yahoo Finance is the top financial news and research website in the United States, with more than 23 million visitors in February 2010 and Flickr on the other hand is playing host more than 4 billion images. It’s hard to believe they can’t make money of these two Yahoo products.